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991.
992.
993.
Metal contamination in sediments of the western Bohai Bay and adjacent estuaries, China 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Feng H Jiang H Gao W Weinstein MP Zhang Q Zhang W Yu L Yuan D Tao J 《Journal of environmental management》2011,92(4):1185-1197
Twelve sediment cores were collected in July 2007 in open waters of western Bohai Bay, the Port of Tianjin, and the adjacent estuaries of the Haihe and Yongding Rivers. While overall concentrations of trace metals at incremental depths in these cores met the Marine Sediment Quality (GB18668-2002) criteria of China, the magnitude of both metal enrichment factors (EF) and geoaccumulation indices (I(geo)) suggested that pollution with Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn was occurring in the estuaries and Port. Risk analysis also suggested that Ag and Ni concentrations were sufficiently elevated as to cause adverse biological effects in the study area. Although metal concentrations in western Bohai Bay were of less concern, a positive relationship between EF values and excess (210)Pb activity for several metals suggested that their concentrations were increasing over time. 相似文献
994.
The biodegradability of the edible films made of whey proteins by disulfide cross-linking was investigated. Whey protein concentrate (WPC) and whey protein isolate (WPI) films were subjected to microbial degradation using Pseudomonas aeruginosa and composting burial degradation. Results from the microbial degradation showed that whey protein films could support the growth of P. aeruginosa. The bacterial growth characteristics were well described using the Gompertz model. WPC films degraded faster than WPI films, suggesting that the biodegradability of protein films is associated with the film composition and the extent of covalent cross-linking. WPI films buried in a compost pile began to degrade in two days and became darker over time. More than 80% of total solids were lost in 7 days. 相似文献
995.
This paper is a summary of the various factors influencing weathering of oil after it has been released into the environment from a spill incident. Special emphasis has been placed on biodegradation processes. Results from two field studies conducted in 1994 and 1999 involving bioremediation of an experimental oil spill on a marine sandy shoreline in Delaware and a freshwater wetland on the St. Lawrence River in Quebec, Canada have been presented in the paper. 相似文献
996.
渗滤液回灌在实际应用中应注意的问题 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文介绍了垃圾填埋场渗滤液回灌的机理、优缺点,“干填埋”与“湿填埋”之间的区别。渗滤液回灌可增加填埋废物的含水率,加快垃圾的降解速率,减少渗滤液的处理时间,提高填埋气中甲烷的含量,加速填埋场稳定化进程。鉴于以上这些优点,渗滤液回灌作为一种渗滤液处理方式将会有极大的应用前景。但在实际应用中回灌的渗滤液容易泄漏而导致地下水污染,这是影响渗滤液回灌广泛应用的主要原因。为了避免使地下水受污染,本文总结和分析了渗滤液回灌在实际应用中应注意的问题。 相似文献
997.
Effects of a tropical cyclone on the drinking-water quality of a remote Pacific island 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The effect of a cyclone (Ami, January 2003) on drinking-water quality on the island of Vanua Levu, Fiji was investigated. Following the cyclone nearly three-quarters of the samples analysed did not conform to World Health Organisation (WHO) guideline values for safe drinking-water in terms of chlorine residual, total and faecal coliforms, and turbidity. Turbidity and total coliform levels significantly increased (up 56 and 62 per cent, respectively) from pre-cyclone levels, which was likely due to the large amounts of silt and debris entering water-supply sources during the cyclone. The utility found it difficult to maintain a reliable supply of treated water in the aftermath of the disaster. Communities were unaware they were drinking water that had not been adequately treated. Circumstances permitted this cyclone to be used as a case study to assess whether a simple paper-strip water-quality test (the hydrogen sulphide, H(2)S) kit could be distributed and used for community-based monitoring following such a disaster event to better protect public health. The H(2)S test results correlated well with faecal and total coliform results as found in previous studies. A small percentage of samples (about 10 per cent) tested positive for faecal and total coliforms but did not test positive in the H(2)S test. It was concluded that the H(2)S test would be well suited to wider use, especially in the absence of water-quality monitoring capabilities for outer island groups as it is inexpensive and easy to use, thus enabling communities and community health workers with minimal training to test their own water supplies without outside assistance. The importance of public education before and after natural disasters is also discussed. 相似文献
998.
999.
梦清园芦苇湿地根际微生物特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文通过对上海市梦清园芦苇湿地净化苏州河污染水体的示范工程采样分析,结果表明芦苇根际的微生物数量、酶的活性高于非根际的土壤。根际细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量均比非根际多,R/S平均值分别为70.3、9.5、2.9。相对于硝酸细菌而言亚硝酸细菌的根际效应较为明显,无论根际还是非根际的亚硝酸细菌数量均高于硝酸细菌的数量。根际细菌和硝化细菌数量随着水力停留时间增加而增加,而根际反硝化细菌数量则减少。菌剂和酶制剂的加入使得非根际泥样异养细菌、真菌、放线菌和亚硝酸细菌比对照组稍高,硝酸细菌和反硝化细菌则较少;而根际泥样中加菌剂和酶制剂组微生物数量比空白组高出1—2个数量级,在投加菌和酶制剂后酶活性无论在根际还是非根际都得到提高,高于对照组约5—6个酶活单位。 相似文献
1000.
崂山风景区土壤重金属元素环境容量的计算 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
崂山在青岛土壤重金属的综合污染指数排序中位于第2位,重金属污染问题比较突出。通过计算崂山风景区土壤重金属元素的静态容量和动态容量,对二者进行了比较。重金属元素环境容量的计算,可以为了解土壤承载力,实现污染物容量总量控制等提供科学依据。 相似文献